1. What is the Inbreeding Coefficient?

The Coefficient of Inbreeding (COI) measures the probability that two copies of any gene in an individual are identical by descent from a common ancestor. It's expressed as a percentage, with higher values indicating greater inbreeding.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the standard COI formula:

Where:

• \( n1 \) — Number of generations from sire to common ancestor
• \( n2 \) — Number of generations from dam to common ancestor
• \( F_a \) — Inbreeding coefficient of the common ancestor (0 to 1)

Explanation: The equation calculates the probability that two alleles at any locus are identical by descent, accounting for all common ancestors in the pedigree.

3. Importance of COI Calculation

Details: COI helps breeders assess genetic risk, maintain genetic diversity, and reduce the likelihood of inherited disorders. Lower COI generally indicates better genetic health.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: For each common ancestor, count generations back to the sire (n1) and dam (n2). Include the ancestor's own COI if known (F_a). Repeat for all common ancestors and sum the results.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is a "safe" COI value?
A: Generally, COI below 5% is considered low risk, 5-10% moderate, and above 10% high risk. However, breed-specific thresholds may vary.

Q2: How many generations should be included?
A: At least 5 generations for accuracy, though 8-10 is ideal for comprehensive assessment.

Q3: What if the common ancestor's COI is unknown?
A: Assume F_a = 0 if unknown, though this will slightly underestimate the true COI.

Q4: How does COI relate to genetic disorders?
A: Higher COI increases risk of recessive disorders. A 10% COI means 10% more homozygous loci than expected.

Q5: Can COI predict specific health problems?
A: No, COI indicates overall risk. Specific genetic testing is needed for disorder-specific risks.