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Merck Chocolate Toxicity Formula:
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The Merck Chocolate Toxicity Formula calculates the potential toxicity of chocolate consumption based on theobromine content. Theobromine, a compound found in chocolate, can be toxic to humans and animals in high doses.
The calculator uses the Merck formula:
Where:
Explanation: The formula calculates the dose of theobromine per kilogram of body weight, which is the standard measure for toxicity assessment.
Details: Calculating potential theobromine toxicity is crucial for assessing risk after chocolate ingestion, especially in pets (dogs in particular) but also in humans with chocolate sensitivity.
Tips: Enter the amount of chocolate consumed in grams, the theobromine content in mg per gram (see reference values below), and the body weight in kilograms.
Reference Theobromine Values:
Q1: What is considered a toxic dose of theobromine?
A: For dogs: Mild signs at 20 mg/kg, severe at 40-50 mg/kg, potentially lethal at >60 mg/kg. For humans: Toxic dose is much higher, typically >1000 mg.
Q2: Why is chocolate more toxic to dogs than humans?
A: Dogs metabolize theobromine much more slowly, allowing it to build up to toxic levels in their system.
Q3: How long does it take for symptoms to appear?
A: Symptoms typically appear within 6-12 hours after ingestion and can last up to 72 hours.
Q4: What are the symptoms of theobromine poisoning?
A: Restlessness, increased urination, tremors, elevated heart rate, seizures, and in severe cases, death.
Q5: What should I do if my pet consumes chocolate?
A: Contact your veterinarian immediately. They may induce vomiting if ingestion was recent or provide supportive care.